Tisserand
*L’histoire du métier à tisser
Un métier à tisser est une machine utilisée pour fabriquer du tissu. Ils peuvent être industriel comme dans l’industrie textile (tissus), ou manuel.
Si les progrès mécaniques ont permis de moderniser les moyens de production, la façon de procéder reste la même : deux séries de fils perpendiculaires sont tissées entre elles.
Les premiers tissus connus datent de la fin du néolithique, ils ont été retrouvés en Turquie et en Palestine.
Le métier à tisser le plus rudimentaire consiste en un cadre de bois : une série de fils (la chaîne) est tendue entre deux bâtons de bois fichés dans le sol. Avec une perche, un fil de chaîne sur deux est tiré afin de créer un espace vide (la foule) où un autre fil (la trame) passe perpendiculairement aux fils de chaîne puis les nappes de la chaîne sont inversées pour créer une autre foule où repasse le fil de trame.
Vers 3 000 avant J.C., les métiers ont les fils de trame tendus sur une barre transversale par des poids. [1]
Vers 1 400 avant J.C., les premiers métiers verticaux apparaissent, la chaîne est alors tendue entre deux barres horizontales. Ce type de métier est encore utilisé pour la tapisserie par exemple. [ Vers 1 000 avant J.C., les métiers horizontaux ont un cadre rigide et un bâton est attaché à certains fils de chaîne afin d’ouvrir la foule en le soulevant.
Ensuite le métier à tisser n’évolue plus jusqu’au Moyen Âge où des pédales sont utilisées pour soulever tour à tour un certain nombre de lisses différentes afin d’obtenir des motifs plus complexes. L’adjonction de la pédale est une invention chinoise. [1]
Les évolutions suivantes prendront des noms différents : métier à la tire, métier Jacquard, métier sans navette, métier à rapière, etc. [1]
Le moyen pour passer le fil de trame dans la foule est quant à lui resté le même pendant longtemps : une navette renfermant le fil de trame se glissait à la main dans l’ouverture, ce qui limitait de fait la largeur de l’ouvrage. Pour de grandes pièces, deux tisserands devaient se passer la navette. En 1733, un tisserand britannique John Kay met au point un système mécanique pour simplifer l’opération : la navette volante. Cette invention permit de passer de l’artisanat à l’industrie. [1]
Dès 1786, les machines à vapeur permettent la mise en place de métiers mécaniques rapides. [
(source: wapedia)
*************************
That is a very good tip especially to those fresh to the blogosphere. Short but very precise info… Thanks for sharing this one. A must read post!
https://soundcloud.com/dabstairs
Can I just say what a relief to uncover a person that actually understands cara membuat akun poker This website is one thing that’s needed on the internet, someone with some originality!
https://www.100daysofuja.com/jenis-pasaran-togel-online/
May I simply just say what a comfort to uncover somebody that genuinely knows betingan togel colok macau This website is one thing that’s needed on the web, someone with a little originality!
https://iphone-meets-iijmio.com/judi-slot-pragmatic-play/
Hi, I do believe this is a great web site. I stumbledupon it ;) I may return yet again since I book-marked it. Money and freedom is the best way to change, may you be rich and continue to help others.
Chase
Greetings! Very helpful advice in this particular post! It’s the little changes that make the most significant changes. Thanks for sharing!
https://co8bet.tumblr.com/
Nice post. I learn something new and challenging on blogs I stumbleupon on a daily basis. It’s always interesting to read through content from other writers and practice a little something from other sites.
https://en.gravatar.com/physiotuam
Hello every one, here every one is sharing these kinds of know-how, so it’s pleasant to read this weblog, and I used to go to see this web site daily.|
https://www.instagram.com/Zatacka
May I simply say what a comfort to find someone that truly understands cara memilih situs togel This site is something that’s needed on the internet, someone with a bit of originality!
http://www.merispace.in/menang-gampang-game-judi-dengan-langkah-berikut/
Can I simply just say what a comfort to uncover somebody who actually understands permainan lotre paling mudah This website is one thing that’s needed on the internet, someone with a little originality!
https://www.dekpangsapp.in/panduan-untuk-menang-bermain-qq-online-di-aplikasi/
Howdy! I could have sworn I’ve been to this blog before but after browsing through a few of the articles I realized it’s new to me. Nonetheless, I’m certainly delighted I came across it and I’ll be bookmarking it and checking back frequently!
https://streefandb.tumblr.com/
I’m impressed, I have to admit. Rarely do I encounter a blog that’s both educative and amusing, and let me tell you, you’ve hit the nail on the head. The issue is something that too few folks are speaking intelligently about. Now i’m very happy that I found this during my hunt for something concerning this.
https://bbs.now.qq.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=776347
This is very fascinating, You are an excessively professional blogger. I have joined your feed and stay up for in the hunt for extra of your great post. Additionally, I have shared your website in my social networks
https://escortspk.com
This is my first time pay a visit at here and i am in fact pleassant to read everthing at one place.|
https://333supergame.com/free-credit.html
Hurrah, that’s what I was seeking for, what a data! existing here at this web site, thanks admin of this website.|
https://gbxogame.com/superslot/index.html
May I simply say what a relief to discover somebody who really knows panduan togel colok macau This web site is one thing that is required on the internet, someone with a little originality!
https://www.addisonmovers.us/trik-main-ceme/
Hi, I do think this is an excellent site. I stumbledupon it ;) I will revisit yet again since I bookmarked it. Money and freedom is the best way to change, may you be rich and continue to guide other people.
https://quickgmart.tumblr.com/
It’s nearly impossible to find experienced people for this topic, but you seem like you know what you’re talking about! Thanks
https://www.flickr.com/people/lawyersandiegoca/
This page truly has all the information I needed about this subject and didn’t know who to ask.
Great blog! Is your theme custom made or did you download it from somewhere? A theme like yours with a few simple adjustements would really make my blog stand out. Please let me know where you got your design. Thanks
https://images.google.cg/url?q=https://solarpanelsorlando.net/solar-panels/conway
I would like to thank you for the efforts you have put in writing this blog. I’m hoping to view the same high-grade blog posts by you in the future as well. In fact, your creative writing abilities has motivated me to get my own, personal site now ;)
https://en.gravatar.com/live22apk